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145
C8.3 Probability of Combined Events
1. Sample Space Diagrams
Calculating Probability:
If you want the probability of getting Heads and a 3:
P(H,3) = 1(favorable outcome) / 12(total outcomes) = 1/12
2. Venn Diagrams
Definition: A Venn diagram visually represents the relationships between two or more sets,
showing combined events.
Example:
Let Set A = people who like ice cream, and Set B = people who like cake.
If 30 like ice cream, 20 like cake, and 10 like both, you can represent this with overlapping
circles.
Calculating Probabilities:
P(A) = 30/100 = 0.3
P(B) = 20/100 = 0.2
P(A∩B) = 10/100 = 0.1
P(A∪B) = P(A)+P(B)−P(A∩B) = 0.3+0.2−0.1 = 0.4
(making venn diagrams by interpreting questions like this is a great way to deepen
your understanding of this concept)