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chemistry igcse acapprinted 117 · PDF 117
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printed 117 · PDF 117
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Practice questions (solved)
1. What is a homologous series, and what is a key characteristic that all members share?
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds that have the same functional group and
similar chemical properties. A key characteristic they share is that each member differs from the
next by a CH₂ unit.
2. How can you distinguish between alkanes and alkenes using a chemical test?
You can distinguish between alkanes and alkenes by using bromine water. Alkenes will decolorize
bromine water (orange to colorless), while alkanes will not cause any change in the color of the
bromine water.
3. What is the general formula for carboxylic acids, and how do they differ from alcohols?
The general formula for carboxylic acids is Cₙ H₂ₙ ₊₁COOH. They differ from alcohols, which
have the general formula Cₙ H₂ₙ ₊₁OH, by the presence of the carboxyl group (-COOH) instead of
the hydroxyl group (-OH).
4. Describe one common use of esters in everyday life.
Esters are commonly used as flavoring agents and fragrances in food and cosmetic products,
providing characteristic fruity or floral scents.
5. What effect does increasing chain length have on the boiling point of alkanes?
Increasing the chain length of alkanes typically results in a higher boiling point due to increased
van der Waals forces (intermolecular forces) between the longer hydrocarbon chains.
Practice Questions ( Unsolved )
P2 :
1. Which of the following compounds is an alkane?
A) C₂H₄
B) C₃H₆O
C) C₄H₁₀
D) C₆H₁₂O₆