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8
Effects of Temperature and Pressure On the Volume of Gases
Temperature:
As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of gas particles increases.
Particles move faster and spread further apart.
This increases collisions and the space the gas occupies (in an open system).
In a closed container, increasing temperature increases pressure (since volume can't expand).
More collisions with the container walls increase the force per unit area (pressure).
Pressure (Temperature constant):
Increasing pressure on a gas reduces its volume (compression).
Higher pressure forces particles closer together, decreasing the space they occupy.
Collisions become more frequent but with less space to move, lowering the volume.
This relationship follows Boyle's Law: pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant
temperature (P ∝ 1/V).
Past Paper Questions P2 :
Which of the following processes cause the distance between particles to increase the most
?
Melting
Freezing
Vaporising
Condensing
A student left a bottle of Ammonia open in a corner of the laboratory. After a few minutes,
the entire lab smells of Ammonia . Which process has occurred ?
Dispersion
Diffusion
Evaporation
Distillation
Which of the following statements is correct ?
A specific mass of gas has a fixed volume at RTP
A specific mass of liquid has a fixed volume at RTP
25cm3 of gas contains more particles than 25cm3 of liquid