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89
ACIDS BASES AND SALTS
Acids :
Acids are substances with PH values less than 7
The lower the pH of an acid, the stronger it is
The higher the pH of an acid, the weaker it is
When Acids are added to water, they form positively charged Hydrogen Ions H+ ions also known
as hydronium ions
These Ions make a solution acidic.
Bases :
Bases are substances with pH values greater than 7
The greater the value of pH of a base, the stronger it is
The lesser the value of pH of a base, the weaker it is
Soluble bases are called alkalis
When alkalis are added to water, they form negatively charged hydroxide ions
These ions make solutions basic / alkaline
Characteristic Reactions
Acids and Metals :
Acid + metal —> Salt + Hydrogen
The cation in the salt depends upon the metal
The Anion in the salt depends upon the acid
Examples :