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biology 0610printed 264 · PDF 264
328 pagesrevision 46933
printed 264 · PDF 264
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Aitchison College Academic Resources.
Core Supplement
14 Identify the following as the trophic levels in
food webs, food chains and ecological pyramids:
producers, primary consumers, secondary
consumers, tertiary consumers and quaternary
consumers
17 Explain why the transfer of energy from one
trophic level to another is often not efficient
18 Explain, in terms of energy loss, why food chains
usually have fewer than five trophic levels
19 Explain why it is more energy efficient for
humans to eat crop plants than to eat livestock
that have been fed on crop plants
Core Supplement
1 Describe the carbon cycle, limited to:
decomposition, formation of fossil fuels and
combustion
2 Describe the nitrogen cycle with reference to:
decomposition of plant and animal protein to
ammonium ions
nitrification
nitrogen fixation by lightning and bacteria
absorption of nitrate ions by plants
production of amino acids and proteins
feeding and digestion of proteins
deamination
e denitrification
3 State the roles of microorganisms in the nitrogen
cycle, limited to: decomposition, nitrification,
nitrogen fixation and denitrification (generic
names of individual bacteria, e.g. Rhizobium, are
not required)
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