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biology 0610printed 311 · PDF 311
328 pagesrevision 46933
printed 311 · PDF 311
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the pectin makes the juice cloudy and once it gets broken down, the juice becomes
clear
3. Enzymes used in biological washing powders break down different food
molecules. The enzymes break large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble
molecules which dissolve easily in water, thereby removing stains. The enzymes are
useful at lower temperatures, less money is needed and the water doesn’t need to be
at a very high
Temperature
4. Lactase is an enzyme added to milk to break lactose down to glucose and
galactose,thus making the milk drinkable for lactose intolerant people
Fermentation:
● Large scale production of useful products
● Microorganisms are placed in the fermenter, keeping them at optimum temperature
and pH. Temperature in fermenters is usually 25-30 degrees Celsius. Ph is adjusted
according to microorganisms
● Air inlet present to enable aerobic respiration, oxygen is distributed inside
● All other microorganisms killed through steam to limit contamination
● Nutrients are provided to microorganisms, allowing them to reproduce and
survive
● Paddles used to ensure temperature, PH and nutrients are distributed evenly in
fermenter