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biology 0610printed 268 · PDF 268
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printed 268 · PDF 268
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●The pyramid of energy has a number of advantages compared to the
pyramid of numbers and biomass.
●It shows the energy transfer between trophic levels and the role of primary
producers in capturing energy.
●The pyramid of energy considers all energy sources, including solar energy and
energy from decomposers.
●It takes into account the rate of production over a given period of time.
●There are no inverted pyramids like the pyramid of numbers may have.
Nutrient Cycles
●There are two nutrient cycles in the IGCSE Biology syllabus: the carbon cycle and
the nitrogen cycle.