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biology 0610printed 55 · PDF 55
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Fats and oils (Lipids) = then it is called Lipases
Then these enzymes are further divided into groups where they break down
specific substances. E.g
A carbohydrase(enzyme) that breaks down the carbohydrate starch is
amylase, carbohydrase(enzyme) that breaks down maltose is called maltase.
How enzymes work?
The substance that enzymes catalyze is called substrate.
The substrate is broken down into simpler and smaller substances called products.
Active site is the part of the enzyme where the substrate is converted into products.
The substrate lands on the active site of the enzyme and binds to the enzyme.
Substrates can only fix in the active site and bind with enzymes if the shape of
substrate and enzyme’s active site is complementary to each other. When binded
the enzyme changes the substrate into new substances called the products.
Alternatively, catalysts can work to build products from reactants as well, with two or
more reactants attaching themselves to the active site to form larger molecules
The enzyme mechanism is called the lock and key mechanism.
Names of some enzymes , their products and substrates
Enzyme
Substrate
Product
Catalase
Hydrogen peroxide
Water + oxygen
Amylase
Starch
Maltose
Protease
Proteins
Amino Acids