Document page
Business Studies IGCSEPDF 110
212 pagesrevision 46931
PDF 110
Page image rendered from the stored file at 110 dpi; it sharpens as you zoom. Outlines are placed from each region’s stored position on the page (612 × 792 pt).
readable
Source of this text: embedded text layer. The better of the embedded text and OCR is kept.
●
●
Promotes brand recognition through logos and design.
Preserves freshness for perishable items.
Product Life Cycle (PLC)
The Product Life Cycle represents the stages a product passes through — from its
introduction to eventual decline — in terms of sales over time.
Stage
Description
Sales
Trend
Typical Strategies
Developmen
t
Product is designed and
tested; no sales yet.
0
Heavy R&D and test
marketing.
Introduction Product launched into the
market.
Slow
growth
High promotion to raise
awareness.
Growth
Sales rise rapidly as
awareness spreads.
Fast
increase
Improve quality, maintain
advertising.
Maturity
Sales peak and growth
stabilizes.
Stable
Use extension strategies.
Decline
Product loses popularity and
sales fall.
Decrease
Reduce costs, consider
replacement.