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Pak Studies Geography IGCSEprinted 111 · PDF 111
162 pagesrevision 46929
printed 111 · PDF 111
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3. Oil
2. Natural Gas
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Production:
Major fields: Sui (Balochistan), Mari (Sindh), Qadirpur (Sindh), Uch
(Balochistan).
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Pakistan was once self-sufficient but reserves are declining.
Distribution:
Nationwide network from Sui Gas Field supplies domestic, industrial,
and power sectors.
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Pipelines extend from Balochistan and Sindh to Punjab and KPK.
Imports:
Imported as LNG (liquefied natural gas) through terminals at Port
Qasim and Gwadar.
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Proposed pipeline imports from Iran (IP pipeline) and Turkmenistan
(TAPI).
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Limitations:
Leakage, theft, and inefficiency in distribution cause major losses.
Depletion of reserves increasing reliance on imports.
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Production:
Domestic oil fields in Potwar Plateau (Attock, Dhurnal), Badin (Sindh),
and Khaur.
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Output meets only a small fraction of national demand.
Imports:
Over 70% of oil consumed is imported via sea routes to Karachi and Bin
Qasim ports.
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Imported crude refined in Attock, Pak-Arab, and National Refineries.
Transportation:
Pipelines transport crude from ports to refineries and cities (e.g.
Karachi–Mahmood Kot Pipeline).
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Transportation:
Domestic coal transported by rail or truck to industrial users.
Imported coal arrives at Karachi Port and moves to plants such as
Sahiwal Coal Power Plant.
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Lifespan and Use:
Reserves could last decades if fully exploited, particularly the Thar field.
Environmental concerns include air pollution and land degradation.
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