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Pak Studies Geography IGCSEprinted 126 · PDF 126
162 pagesrevision 46929
printed 126 · PDF 126
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Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) for infrastructure.
Special focus on energy supply, transport, and skilled labour training.
6. Export Processing Zones (EPZs) and Industrial Estates
Zone/Area
Main Industries
Purpose/Features
Karachi EPZ
Sialkot
Risalpur / Gujranwala /
Saindak
Industrial Estates
(Faisalabad, Hattar, Korangi)
Garments, electronics,
chemicals
Sports goods, surgical
instruments
Engineering, mining
Tax-free import/export, nearport.
Export-oriented, skilled labour.
Regional industrial growth.
Textile, food, plastic,
steel
Planned industrial zones with
roads, water, power.
Reasons for development:
To attract foreign investment
, increase exports, and reduce unemployment.
Provide modern infrastructure
and easy customs procedures.
7. Global Communications & Service Industries
Growing IT and call centre sector due to cheap English-speaking labour.
Jobs in outsourced services (data entry, telemarketing, accounting).
Challenges: Poor internet infrastructure, unreliable power, limited training.
Feasibility: High in major cities (Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad), limited in rural areas.
8. Tourism Industry (Tertiary Sector)
Natural Attractions
Mountains:
K2, Nanga Parbat, Hunza, Swat.
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