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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 133
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The first part of the Hadith is the chain of names. These are the authorities who are called
narrators or Muhaddisin. It is
called “Sanad” plural “Isnad” which means support as it is the authority for the genuineness
of a Hadith. The authorities
can be as many as one, two, three, four, five, or six depending on how far was the compilers
time from the Holy Prophet
(PBUH).
The list of narrators of the sayings and actions of the Prophet (pbuh) is called the sanad and
could be
explained by the following Hadith: Muhammad ibn Musanna reported from Abdul Wahhab,
from Ayyub,
from Abu Qilaabah, from Malik that the Prophet (pbuh) said ‘Pray as you see me praying.’
(Agreed). In this9
Hadith as in other Hadiths the list of narrators constitutes the sanad. The shorter the sanad
the higher the
chances of it being accurate.
Methods
The following methods were used by the scholars to be certain of the authenticity of Isnad of
every hadith.
The first transmitter in the chain must be a companion of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). This
means that he could have heard
the Holy Prophet (PBUH) speak, and could have seen him performing various actions. Also,
to establish the genuineness
of a Hadith the sanad needs to be unbroken leading back to the Prophet (pbuh).
• Each transmitter in the chain who is known as rawi must be a strong Muslim i.e honest and
upright. This means
that he should report exactly what he has learnt from his teacher, and not use his own words
thus transferring a
genuine Hadith. If any of the narrators was found guilty of falsehood or unreliable character
then the hadith was
not accepted as authentic. For example once Imam Malik bin Anas went to Egypt to collect
the hadith. But when