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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 87
204 pagesrevision 46927
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His conversion brought severe persecution. He was dragged in the burning sand with heavy
stones on his chest, tortured until he would renounce Islam — but he endured, repeating only:
“Aḥad, Aḥad” (One, One). His steadfastness became a symbol of unshakable faith. He was later
purchased and freed by Abū Bakr (RA).
Role in Madinah and Contributions
Bilāl became one of the closest companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He was appointed the first
muʾadhdhin (caller to prayer) of Islam after the Prophet’s mosque was built in Madinah. His
powerful voice would call Muslims to prayer, and the Prophet ﷺ said: “O Bilāl, what have you
done that I heard your footsteps in Paradise?” (Bukhārī). Bilāl fought in major battles including
Badr and Uḥud. After the Prophet’s death, he stopped giving adhān out of grief.
Death and Legacy
Bilāl later moved to Syria, where he died around 640 CE. He is remembered as the first
muʾadhdhin, the symbol of equality in Islam, and a model of steadfastness.
Lessons for Muslims Today
Bilāl’s story shows that true honour lies in faith, not status. His courage and perseverance teach
Muslims to hold firmly to tawḥīd no matter the cost.
Sample Questions – Bilāl (RA)
10-mark: Describe the life of Bilāl ibn Rabāḥ (RA) and his importance in Islam.
4-mark: What lessons can Muslims learn from Bilāl’s steadfastness under torture?
7. arat Jaʿfar ibn Abī Ṭālib (RA)
Ḥḍ
Background and Early Life
Jaʿfar (RA) was the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ, the elder brother of ʿAlī (RA). He grew up in the
Prophet’s household and accepted Islam early. Known for his eloquence and courage, he became
a leader among the early Muslims.
Role in Makkah and Early Islam
When persecution grew unbearable, Jaʿfar led a group of Muslims to Abyssinia in the first and
second migrations. In front of King Negus, he gave a historic speech explaining Islam, reciting
verses from Sūrah Maryam (19:16–21) about the birth of ʿĪsā (AS). This moved the Christian
king to tears and secured protection for Muslims in Abyssinia.
Role in Madinah and Contributions