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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 69
204 pagesrevision 46927
PDF 69
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Death and Legacy
Caliphate and Leadership
Lessons for Muslims Today
Role in Makkah and Early Islam
Role in Madinah and Contributions
4-mark:
Sample Questions – ʿUthmān (RA)
10-mark:
3.Write an account of ʿUthmān’s generosity for Islam.
2.Describe the significance of ʿUthmān’s compilation of the Qurʾān.
1.Write about the contributions of ʿUthmān to the Muslim community.
Muslims learn from his life that wealth should be spent for Allah, modesty is a strength, and
preserving the Qurʾān is the greatest trust. His patience in adversity teaches reliance on Allah
even at the point of death.
Opposition grew during his Caliphate, and rebels besieged his house in Madinah. He refused to
shed Muslim blood to save himself and was martyred in 656 CE while reciting Qurʾān. His
legacy is one of generosity, modesty, and preservation of the Qurʾān.
In Madinah, ʿUthmān gave generously for Islam. He purchased the well of Rūmah and made it
free for Muslims. During the expedition of Tabūk, he provided nearly a third of the army with
horses, camels, and weapons. The Prophet ﷺ said after his donation: “Nothing ʿUthmān does
after today will harm him.” (Tirmidhī).
Because of his acceptance of Islam, his family opposed him, but he remained steadfast. He
migrated twice: first to Abyssinia when Muslims were persecuted, and later to Madinah with the
rest of the Muslims. He married Ruqayyah, daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, and after her passing
married Umm Kulthūm — earning him the title Dhul-Nūrayn (“Possessor of Two Lights”).
As the third Caliph (644–656 CE), he expanded the Muslim state further into North Africa and
Central Asia. His greatest achievement was compiling the Qurʾān into one standard muṣḥaf. The
report in Bukhārī narrates that he ordered Zayd ibn Thābit and others to make perfect copies
from the manuscripts kept with Ḥafṣah. These copies were sent across the Muslim world,
preserving the Qurʾān in its original form.