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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 197
204 pagesrevision 46927
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Everything in the universe is planned, purposeful, and directed by Allah toward a
destined end.
Human knowledge is limited, so humans should accept Allah’s will. Events of the Day
of Judgment are already decreed.
The Qur’an describes:
“And when the earth is flattened out, and casts forth what is within it and becomes
(clean) empty.” (84:3-4)
Allah created humans with limited powers and granted free will, enabling them to
choose good or evil. This choice is the reason humans will be questioned on the Last
Day. Allah has shown the right and wrong path and made humans responsible for
their actions.
The incident of Hazrat Ali illustrates free will. He entrusted his horse saddle to a
Bedouin intending to reward him with 50 dirhams, but the Bedouin stole and sold it
for the same amount. Hazrat Ali remarked how unfortunate he was to turn something
lawful into unlawful by his own choice. This shows humans are not helpless under
destiny; they are accountable for their actions.
Humans must obey moral law and receive reward or punishment accordingly.
Responsibility proves that humans have the ability to obey or disobey.
The Qur’an states:
“God does not burden any human being with more than he is well able to bear.”
(2:286)
4(a) What does the statement ‘There is no ability or power except through
Allah’ tell you about Muslim belief in Allah’s predestination and decree? [10]
(M/J 2011)
5(a) Write an account about the relationship between belief in God’s divine
decree and human responsibility. [10] (O/N 2017)
Belief in Resurrection and the Last Day
Belief in Resurrection and the Last Day is the sixth fundamental article of Islamic
faith, and without acknowledging it a Muslim’s belief remains incomplete.
It is clearly mentioned in the Iman-e-Mufassal:
“I believe in Allah, in His angels, in His books, in His messengers, in the Last Day,
and in the fact that everything—good or bad—is decreed by Allah the Almighty, and
in life after death.”
This belief forms an essential part of a Muslim’s conviction.
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