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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 95
204 pagesrevision 46927
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Background and Role in Early Islam
The Anṣār were the Muslims of Madinah who welcomed the Prophet ﷺ and the Muhājirīn
after the Hijrah. They belonged to the tribes of Aws and Khazraj, who had previously fought one
another but were united by Islam.
Qur’an and Hadith References
Allah praised them: “And those who, before them, had homes (in Madinah) and had adopted
the faith — they love those who emigrate to them and find no desire in their hearts for what
they are given, but give preference over themselves even though they are in need.” (59:9). The
Prophet ﷺ said: “The sign of faith is love for the Anṣār; the sign of hypocrisy is hatred for the
Anṣār.” (Bukhārī, Muslim).
Contributions in Madinah
They shared their wealth, homes, and orchards with the Muhājirīn. They fought bravely in every
battle, including Badr, Uḥud, and Khandaq. They built Masjid al-Nabawī and helped establish
the Prophet’s new state.
Legacy and Lessons
The Anṣār teach selflessness, generosity, and loyalty to Islam. Their brotherhood with the
Muhājirīn became a model of unity.
Sample Questions – Anṣār
10-mark: Write about the contributions of the Anṣār to Islam.
4-mark: Why did the Prophet ﷺ say that love for the Anṣār is a sign of faith?
3. The Brotherhood (Muʾākhāt) Between Muhājirīn
and Anṣār
Background
Upon arrival in Madinah, the Prophet ﷺ established bonds of brotherhood (muʾākhāt)
between the Muhājirīn and Anṣār. Each emigrant was paired with a helper, sharing wealth,
homes, and responsibility.
Examples of Brotherhood
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf (RA), a wealthy Muhājir, was paired with Saʿd ibn al-Rabīʿ
(RA), who offered him half his wealth. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān declined and instead built his
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