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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 135
204 pagesrevision 46927
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• It should not level accusations to the Prophet’s family and companions.
• The Matn should not be accepted if the narrator himself confesses that the hadith is
fabricated.
• It should not contain such an event that if occurred would have been reported by other
companions but was only
reported by him. For example, one person attributed a hadith to Abu Bakr (R.A) , that he
would kiss his thumbs
when Prophet’s name was mentioned in Azaan. The scholars did not accept it as authentic
because it was a public
action and if Abu Bakr would have done it in Prophet’s (pbuh) approval, other companions
would also have
reported and performed it
• It should not promise high rewards for insignificant deeds or order punishments for small
errors.
• It should be in the Arabic dialect of the prophet and should not contain expressions
uncharacteristic to the
Prophet for example cursing and abusing.
Thus the major collectors of hadith used strict and careful methods to ensure that hadiths
which they accepted were
authentic. On the basis of these methods they categorized the hadiths into different types
according to their
authenticity e.g Sahih or most authentic, Hasan or approved, Daif or weak and Maudoo or
Fabricated.10
Types of Hadith
Different types to traditions/ hadiths came into existence according to rank and degree of
reliability.
Thus ahadith have been divided by Muslim scholars into four main types:
1. The Sahih Hadith (Most authentic) is a term used to describe any Hadith, the
accuracy of which is absolutely
beyond question. Hence, these hadiths are classified as ‘sound’ and ‘trustworthy’ meaning
that they are of the
highest level of authenticity and reliability. Isnad (chain of transmitters) of Sahih hadith is
full and unbroken; each