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Islamiyat IGCSEPDF 65
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The Ten Blessed Companions
(al-ʿAsharah al-Mubashsharah)
The Prophet ﷺ said:
Abū Bakr (RA) was born in Makkah around 573 CE, just over two years after the Prophet ﷺ.
He belonged to the Banū Taym clan of Quraysh and was known for his honesty, generosity, and
gentle nature. A respected merchant, he was widely liked and trusted in Makkah. When the
Prophet ﷺ declared his mission, Abū Bakr immediately accepted Islam without hesitation,
becoming the first adult male Muslim. He went on to invite and convert many key figures such
as ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUbaydullāh, and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf. His unwavering
trust in the Prophet ﷺ earned him the title al-Ṣiddīq (“the Truthful”), especially when he
believed the account of the Night Journey and Ascension without question.
“Ten are promised Paradise: Abū Bakr is in Paradise, ʿUmar is in Paradise, ʿUthmān is in
Paradise, Aʿlī is in Paradise, alḥah is in Paradise, al-Zubayr is in Paradise, Aʿbd al-Raḥmān
ibn Awf is in Paradise, Sad ibn Abī Waqqāṣ is in Paradise, Saʿīd ibn Zayd is in Paradise, and
Abū Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrā is in Paradise.” (Tirmidhī, Abū Dāwūd)
In Madinah, Abū Bakr was a constant companion of the Prophet ﷺ in all matters. He fought
in the major battles of Islam. At the Battle of Tabūk, he gave all his wealth for the army, while
ʿUmar gave half. When the Prophet ﷺ was gravely ill, he appointed Abū Bakr to lead the
prayers, showing the community his trust in him. The Prophet ﷺ also said: “If I were to take a
close friend other than my Lord, I would have taken Abū Bakr.” (Bukhārī).
Abū Bakr (RA) used his wealth to support Islam, freeing slaves who were tortured for their faith,
including Bilāl ibn Rabāḥ. He endured persecution alongside the Prophet ﷺ and remained
steadfast in his faith. His loyalty was unmatched, and he often shielded the Prophet from harm.
The Qur’ān immortalises him during the Hijrah: “When they were in the cave and he said to his
companion, ‘Do not grieve; indeed Allah is with us.’” (Qur’ān 9:40).
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1. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (RA)
Background and Conversion
Caliphate and Leadership
Role in Makkah and Early Islam
Role in Madinah and Contributions