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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 106
181 pagesrevision 46928
PDF 106
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2.Sindhis (South)
3.Balochs (West)
4.Pakhtuns (Pathans) (North-West)
5.Bengalis (East Pakistan)
Each group had its own culture, traditions, and language, making
national unity difficult.
Some regions, like Baluchistan and Bengal, were initially reluctant to
join Pakistan, fearing domination by Urdu-speaking West Pakistanis.
The refugee crisis further increased population pressure and tension in
urban areas like Karachi and Lahore.
5. Educational and Planning Problems
There was no proper national planning or data to guide development.
The education system was disorganized and colonial in nature.
Policies were often changed hastily, without research or preparation — for
example:
○ Nationalization and denationalisation of schools
○ Semester system introduction and cancellation
○ Comprehensive schools and superior science colleges started
without proper planning
Pakistan lacked universities and technical institutions, resulting in a
shortage of trained manpower.
➔ Division of Assets
At the time of Partition in 1947, India and Pakistan had to divide all the
financial, military, and administrative assets of British India. However, this
division was unequal, slow, and unfair, creating serious difficulties for Pakistan in
its early years.
Division of Financial Assets
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