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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 167
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Benazir Bhutto (1993-1997)
Elections & return of BB as PM for the second time.
A senior PPP leader, Farooq Khan Laghari, from the southern Punjab, was elected
as the new President of Pakistan.
PPP also managed to install its chief minister, Mian Manzoor Watto, in the vital
province, Punjab BB, however, inherited domestic & external problems of the Sharif
regime → inflation, sectarian & ethnic violence & unemployment.
The position of BB was further weakened by the reports of her husband, Asif
Zardari’s involvement in corruption.
All the claims of putting Pakistan on the track of democracy were diluted by
accusations of Asif Zardari’s involvement in corruption.
March 1996 → the al-Jehad case regarding the appointment of judges in the
Supreme Court further increased problems for B.B. Nov 1996→ President Laghari,
using his emergency power, dismissed the government of BB on grounds of
corruption, misgovernance and failure to resolve economic problems.
Later, both B.B & Zardari were arrested & finally, B.B. left Pakistan with self-imposed
exile.
Reasons for the Dismissal of B.B
First term → confrontation with the Punjab govt → escalating tension with the govt of
Nawaz Sharif Failure to control violence in Sindh → operation against MQM in
Karachi & Sindh. Failure to overcome economic crisis & corruption.
Second term → involvement of Mr.Zardari in various corruption cases & her failure to
prove him innocent Serious differences with MQM → growing unrest, violence and
economic problems. Misgovernance, interprovincial differences & continued
violence.
Nawaz Sharif (1990-1993)
N.Sharif won the majority & was elected as PM → first major Punjabi leader to
become PM (before him Choudhry Muhammad Ali & Feroz Khan Noon were weak
PM’s in the 1950’s) He had support of the religious parties that encouraged him to
follow a somewhat anti-US policy.
However, the domestic crisis frustrated his designs→ growing poverty,
unemployment, inflation coupled with an increasing foreign debt.
Started construction of the Motorway, introduced the “yellow cab scheme”, started
privatization of some of the state-owned industries to generate jobs but no significant
improvement.
Growing Kashmiri uprising caused worsening of Pak-India relations despite efforts of
Sharif to improve them. Religious and business communities remained dissatisfied.
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