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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 9
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Born 1786 in Rai Barailī near Lucknow; studied at Madrassa Rahīmiyyah.
Influenced by Shāh Walī Ullāh and Sheikh ‘Abd al-Wahāb during Saudi Arabia
visit (1821).
Founded Jihād Movement against oppressive Sikh rule.
Killed in 1831 at the Battle of Balakot.
Jihād Movement of Sayyid Aḥmad Shahīd Barelvī
Founded to free Muslims of Punjab from Sikh oppression.
Raised volunteer army (Mujāhidīn) and fought several battles (1826–1830).
Encouraged Pashtuns to adopt Sharia; replaced traditional Khans with
reformist ulama.
Collected Islamic taxes to fund the Jihād.
Reasons for Jihād Against Sikh Rule
Punjab Muslims denied religious freedom; mosques turned into stables, Āzān
and prayers banned.
Armed struggle needed to restoreMuslim dignity.
Inspired by Hajj visit in 1821; returned with plan for Jihād.
Believed un-Islamic forces needed to be defeated for Muslims to regain glory.
Battleof Balakot (1831)
Syed Ahmad aimed to liberate Kashmir and Hazara.
Balakot was considered safe but locals betrayed him.
Sikhs, led by Ranjit Singh, outnumbered and attacked the forces.
Syed Ahmad, Shah Ismail, and 600 followers were killed.
➔ Ḥājī Shari‘at Ullāh
Life and Background of
Ḥājī Shari‘at Ullāh
Born 1781 in Farīdpur, East Bengal; spent 19 years in Saudi Arabia.
Influenced by Sheikh ‘Abd al-Wahāb.
Started Farāizī movement to restore Islamic obligations among Muslims.
Work continued by his son Muḥsin ud-dīn (Dādū Miān) after death in 1840.
Achievements of
Ḥājī Shari‘at Ullāh
Declared Bengal as Dār ul-Ḥurb.
Organized Muslim cultivators; raised awareness of rights.
Started Farāizī movement to revive Islamic obligations.
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