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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 147
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Arbitration councils were set up in rural and urban areas to deal with the issues regarding
marriages. A man wishing to divorce his wife must go through union council in which the
marriage was registered. For re-marriage a written permission by first wife is needed. It also
prescribed minimum marriageable age limit
for male and females. The family laws also changed the law of inheritance. According to this
law, a grandchild cannot inherit the property of his grandfather if his father died in the lifetime
of his grandfather.
Consequently, it can be argued that Ayūb Khān’s agricultural policies / Green
Revolution was the most successful because mostly country’s population was directly and
indirectly involved with agriculture. Majority of farmers were poor, having less land for
cultivation. Thus introduction of land reforms benefited the poor farmers.
The situation at the time of military coup in 1958 was appalling. Corruption, black
markets, smuggling, tax evasion, inflation, an exchange crisis, extreme poverty, high
illiteracy, and the bankruptcy of parliamentary democracy had brought an intolerable
situation. President Ayub Khan imposed honesty, enforced price controls on
basic products, reduced Government expenditures, collected back taxes, spurred industrial
production and, in short, transformed the situation in a favorable way in every aspect. One
cannot wonder that he has now been given voluntarily by the people the
right to maintain the position and the power which he seized in 1958.
Editorial comments in New York Times, 16 February 1960
Answer: Ayūb Khān assumed power because country at that time was facing the problems
of corruption, black marketing, Price hike, extreme poverty, illiteracy, and political democratic
bankruptcy. Ayūb Khān sought to solve these problems through making a mechanism to
control the prices, to launch austerity in Government expenditures, etc. By seeing what he
has done for the country, people voluntarily gave him the right to govern then.
Pakistan president Ayūb Khān and U.S president John F Kennedy waiving to the people
Answer: I can infer from the picture that General Ayūb Khān is standing tall with U.S
president Kennedy in car which shows that both the countries had outstanding diplomatic
relations. Their level of popularity can be seen by the people standing behind them. Pakistan
has been the part and strategic ally of US sponsored SEATO and CENTO- the organizations
setup to cope with soviet influence in southeast Asia and middle east. Pakistan had their
formal diplomatic relations with U.S determined on the terms of equality.
Source B Question
Q1:WhatdoessourceBtellsusaboutthe foreignpolicyofAyūbKhān?[5]
Source A Question
Q1:AccordingtosourceA,whydidAyūb Khānassumedpowerin1958?[3]
Source A: