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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 175
181 pagesrevision 46928
PDF 175
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Past Paper Questions: (2000's onwards)
Q1: Why was Benazir Bhutto’s second government dismissed in 1996? (7
marks)
After 9/11, Pakistan withdrew support from the Taliban.
Provided airbases and intelligence to U.S. forces.
This shift improved global ties but caused domestic opposition.
Q2: How successful was Benazir Bhutto in maintaining law and order during
her second term? (14 marks)
Active membership in UN, Commonwealth, and OIC continued.
Pakistan was suspended from the Commonwealth after the 1999 coup.
Musharraf sought to restore Pakistan’s global image by promising
reforms and democracy.
Benazir Bhutto faced serious challenges in maintaining law and order during
her second government. Initially, she attempted to restore peace through
negotiations with the MQM and by launching police operations in Karachi to
suppress ethnic violence. However, these operations often led to more killings
Benazir Bhutto’s second government was dismissed in November 1996 mainly
due to allegations of corruption, poor governance, and rising law and order
problems. Her administration was accused of misuse of power, political
victimization of opponents, and large-scale financial scandals involving her
husband, Asif Ali Zardari. Violence in Karachi and Sindh increased despite
repeated operations to control it, and the government failed to restore
stability. Relations with the military and President Farooq Leghari became
strained, as both accused her of ignoring administrative discipline and
economic management. Inflation, unemployment, and corruption created
widespread dissatisfaction, leading President Leghari to dismiss her
government under Article 58(2)(b).
Relations with International Organizations