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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 70
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and Arabia under British and French control. Greece received parts of
Western Turkey, and the Turkish Straits were internationalized. This treaty
humiliated the Ottoman Empire and effectively ended its sovereignty.
Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar
Maulana Shaukat Ali
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Maulana Abdul Bari
Maulana Hasrat Mohani
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Congress leader who supported the
cause)
1.To protect and restore the Holy Places of Islam (Makkah, Madinah,
Jerusalem/Palestine).
2.To protect the Caliph of Turkey.
3.To restore the Ottoman Empire and its territorial integrity.
Attended jointly by Muslim League, Congress, and Khilafat leaders.
Decided to work together to oppose the division of the Turkish Empire.
A delegation led by Maulana Mohammad Ali Johar went to Britain
(1920) to meet PM Lloyd George.
Attended by Maulana Muhammad Ali, Shaukat Ali, Abul Kalam Azad, and
Gandhi.
Decided to persuade Britain to honor its promises regarding Turkey.
Resolution passed to send a delegation to England to present the Muslim
viewpoint.
Adopted a boycott of British goods and non-cooperation policy.
Gandhi introduced his idea of “Satyagraha” – peaceful resistance against
injustice.
Muslims were urged to join Congress’s movement for “Swaraj”
(self-rule).
Main Leaders
Major Events & Activities
Main Objectives of the Movement
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1. First Khilafat Conference – Delhi, November 1919
2. Second Khilafat Conference – Amritsar, December 1919