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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 35
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Q: Describe the achievements of Shāh Walī Ullāh? [4]
• Shāh Walī Ullāh translated Qur´ān into Persian- contemporary court language
‘Fat’ḥ ur-Rehmān’so that most people may know and act upon the teachings of
Qur´ān.
• He wrote fifty-one books (23 in Arabic and 28 in Persian) to explain the true
teachings of Islam.
o Among the most famous were Izālat al-Khafā and Ḥujjatullāh al-Bālighā.
Izālat al-Khafā was an account on first four caliphs, written in a way that was
acceptable to both Shias and Sunnis.
• To counter the growing Maratha power, Shāh Walī Ullāh called upon Aḥmad Shāh
Abdālī from Afghanistan, who defeated Marathas in the third battle of Pānīpat
(1761).
• Shāh Walī Ullāh was a Muslim reformer, born on 1703A.D., in Delhi.
• His real name was Qutb ud-dīn who was popularized with the name of Shāh Walī
Ullāh because of his services
rendered to the people of Indian subcontinent.
• His father’s name was ‘Abd al-Rahīm who wasthe founder of Madrassa Rahīmiyyah
where Shāh Walī Ullāh studied.
•He died in 1762, but his mission was continued by his sons.
Q: Why did Shāh Walī Ullāh have such important influence on the revival of Islam in
the
sub-continent? OR [7]
Q: Why did Shāh Walī Ullāh wish to revive Islam in the sub-continent? [7]
• Shāh Walī Ullāh- born in 1703 in Delhi, was the pioneer figure to work for the
resurgence of Islam in the sub-continent.
• He was the first one to state that Muslims’ downfall was due to neglecting the
principles of Islam.
• He was one of the Muslim reformers who thought Muslims were ignorant about
Islam and teachings of the Holy Qur´ān.
o So, he emphasized on the Quranic teachings. Hence, he translated the Qur´ān into
Persian- contemporary court language under the title Fat’ḥ ur-Reḥmān’.
• He wrote fifty-one books in Arabic (23) and Persian (28) to explain the true
teachings of Islam among Muslims of the sub-continent.
o Among the most famous of his works are Izālat al-Khafā- a biography of four
caliphs which tried to eliminate the sectarian i.e., Shiite and Sunni differences among
the Muslims.
o Ḥujjatullāh al-Bālighā determined the problems of the Muslim community.
• He also advised Sufis and Ulemas to sort their differences and sent out his students
to different places to spread the message of harmony and unity.
• He advised the Muslims not to waste extravagant amount of money on marriages,
births, deaths, and other ceremonies.
• He urged the traders and the businessmen to adopt fairer system of making money.