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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 124
181 pagesrevision 46928
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Weaknesses and Problems
Teaching of Islamiat was made compulsory.
Zakat, Ushr, and interest-free banking encouraged.
Rightscan be suspended during a state of emergency.
Guaranteed basic freedoms to all citizens:
Freedom of speech, religion, movement, and assembly.
Equality before law and right to life, liberty, and property.
Urdu declared the national language of Pakistan.
English was allowed as an official language for a transitional
period until Urdu became fully adopted.
Amendments require a two-thirds majority in both houses of
Parliament.
This ensures stability and protection of constitutional structure.
Provinces were given significant control over subjects like education,
health, agriculture, and police.
Concurrent List allowed both federal and provincial legislation (later
removed by the 18th Amendment in 2010).
Independent Judiciary established as a separate organ.
The Supreme Court is the highest court, followed by High Courts
and lower courts.
Judges appointed by the President on the Prime Minister’s advice.
Judiciary ensures protection of fundamental rights and
interpretation of the Constitution.
9. Judiciary
12. National Language
10. Fundamental Rights
11. Provincial Autonomy
13. Amendment Procedure