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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 150
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1- India supported Mukti Bahini.
2- India’s stance over its intervention was the influx of refugees fleeing to India.
3- Pak agencies already estimated the defeat.
4- India acquired Pakistan’s 5619 sq. miles and Pakistan only 121 sq. miles.
5- 93,000 Pakistani troops were captured.
6- Pakistan lost half of its Navy, a 3rd of its army, and quarter of its air force.
Answer: Right from the start, India supported members of Mukti Bahini with weapons and
training. The conflict between East and West Pakistan
emerged and was at climax when India started its direct involvement in the affairs of East
Pakistan. India took a stance that because of millions of refugees were fleeing into India
after
the floods we had to intervene.
The war lasted for 13 days from 3rd to 16th December 1971. India attacked both East and
West Pakistan and Pak agencies have already estimated their defeat, but they wanted to
minimize the humiliation of loss. India had acquired 5619 sq. miles in Punjab, Sindh, and
Kashmir while Pakistan acquired only 121 sq. miles of Indian territory.
6- Yaḥyā urged Mujīb to reconsider
which never happened.
7- Newly elected Assembly was not
called and Awami league protested it.
8- Strong center is important for a
federation which was denied in his 6
points.
Answer: Awami League had won a landslide victory in the elections of 1970 where they won
160 out of 162 seats in East Pakistan. Pakistan People’s Party of Zulfiqār ‘Alī Bhutto won 81
out of 138 seats in West Pakistan. So, democratically, and legally Awami League had to form
the government in the center but, Yaḥyā Khān and Zulfiqār ‘Alī Bhuttoboth were committed
not to allow Awami League to take over the National Assembly.
Mujīb ur-Rehmān of Awami League insisted on forming the government. Whereas ZAB and
Yaḥyā did not allow him to do that. Thus, a constitutional crisis was created between East
and West Pakistan. Mujīb ur-Rehmān of Awami League insisted on forming the
government. Whereas ZAB and Yaḥyā did not allow him to do that. Thus, a
constitutional crisis was created between East and West Pakistan. Talks between Mujīb and
ZAB failed because of the mistrust between them. Mujīb wanted to talk about constitutional
amendments and ultimately wanted to include his six points to be reconsidered. Yaḥyā Khan
and other politicians of West Pakistan were not ready to consider six points of Mujīb.
President Yaḥyā Khān urged Mujīb ur-Reḥmān to come to a soft stance on his six pointsas
strong center is the backbone of a sovereign and strong government which was denied in his
six points, and which might ultimately break Pakistan. The first meeting of newly elected
Assembly was delayed and Awami League started protesting it.
Q: What was India’s involvement in breakup of Pakistan? [7]