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Pak Studies History IGCSEPDF 51
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2.
5. Urdu–Hindi Controversy:
Hindus demanded replacement of Urdu with Hindi.
Congress supported Hindi, leaving Muslims unprotected.
Strengthened the call for a Muslim political party.
Showed the need for a permanent platform to represent Muslim
interests.
3. HinduAgitation Against Partition of Bengal:
○ Revealed Hindu opposition to Muslim progress.
○ Muslims wanted to defend the Partition and secure separate
electorates.
6. Educational and Economic Backwardness:
○ Muslims were far behind Hindus educationally and economically.
○ Needed an organization to promote Muslim education and
welfare.
Indifferent Attitude of Congress:
The INC was dominated by Hindus and often ignored Muslim
interests.
Muslims felt the need for their own political voice.
4. To Preserve Muslim Identity:
○ Inspired by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s Two-Nation Concept.
○ Muslims and Hindus differed in religion, history, language, and
culture.
Proposed by Nawab Salimullah Khan.
Seconded by, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Maulana Muhammad Ali, and
Maulana Zafar Ali.
Proposed on All India Educational Conference, 30th December 1906,
Dhaka.
Resolution passed; committee formed to draft the constitution.
Muslim League became the sole political representative of Indian
Muslims.
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Formation of the All India Muslim League
Morley-Minto Reforms (Indian Councils Act 1909)